Unit out-of Human Diet, Service away from Restaurants Technology and you may Human Nutrition, Agricultural School out of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.Meters.); (V.B.); (Good.Z.)
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Conceptual
All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink
step 1. Addition
Drinks throughout the categories of tea, java, whole milk, fruit juice, sodas, diet plan beverages, energy drinks and you can alcoholic beverages are available in a giant and you may growing number of selection. Assortment meets taste tastes, health standards, and life demands, while numerous beverages appear, it’s very likely to come to euhydration .
Beverages lead whenever 25%–50% out of water intake [dos,3,4], therefore he or she is important for fulfilling every day liquids need and having euhydration. Moisture has been of fix regarding normal bodily and you may intellectual characteristics .
not, this has been debated you to definitely beverages contribute rather toward increasing being obese rates worldwide https://kissbrides.com/bangladesh-women/sylhet/ [six,7], mainly because of the opportunity posts [8,nine,10]. In a few degree, Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSB) practices might have been associated with gaining weight in children and you will adults , if you are research you to definitely decreasing SSBs have a tendency to decrease the chance of carrying excess fat and you can related infection like type 2 diabetes might have been seen since persuasive . Times consumption off beverages has increased significantly for the past forty many years because of the everything 222 fat for every single individual every single day .
Nevertheless, beverages from the various categories don’t lead similarly so you’re able to energy intake . The ability posts of one’s take in along with usage activities may suggest if you don’t, i.age., some caloric drinks may be ate rarely therefore adding little or no to daily energy consumption. It has been debated you to substitution sweetened caloric drinks which have liquid will help reduce complete time consumption when you look at the heavy consumers . Still, use of sweetened caloric beverages is an intricate issue that can be regarded outside the caloric share plus in the latest perspective of weight reduction designs .
More over, at exactly the same time to help you food usage, some affairs instance seasonality, physical exercise account and you can sex can impact the new diversity during the drink options and share to full time consumption. These factors have not been totally examined; subsequent studies of this type commonly clarify the present day matter of times consumption out-of dieting supplies and out-of products particularly.
Inside an earlier analysis held during the Greece, utilizing the Drinking water Harmony Questionnaire (WBQ) product, we learned that in the 984 adults, 24% away from water intake originates from drinks . There is certainly a keen unequivocal must subsequent specialized throughout these conclusions, elucidating the fresh new share from beverages so you can overall energy intake and you will balance.